Egypt Declared Malaria-Free

The World Health Organization (WHO) has officially certified Egypt as malaria-free, marking a historic milestone in public health for a country of over 100 million people. This achievement reflects nearly a century of tireless efforts by the Egyptian government and its citizens to eradicate a disease that has plagued the region since ancient times. Malaria, once a constant threat to health and livelihoods, has now been relegated to Egypt’s past, showcasing the nation’s unwavering commitment to public health.

The certification underscores the rigorous standards Egypt has upheld in surveillance, diagnosis, treatment, and vector control to prevent malaria transmission. Since 1930, when malaria was designated a notifiable disease, the country has built a robust malaria control system, including the establishment of its first malaria control station and consistent public education campaigns. This foundation allowed Egypt to effectively respond to challenges, including a surge of cases during World War II and the risks posed by the construction of the Aswan Dam in 1969. In each instance, Egypt demonstrated resilience, deploying resources to contain outbreaks and mitigate emerging threats.

The WHO certification process requires evidence that indigenous malaria transmission has been interrupted for at least three consecutive years and that the country has the capacity to prevent re-establishment. Egypt’s ability to meet these criteria is a testament to its strong health system and cross-border collaborations, particularly with Sudan. These partnerships have been essential in addressing imported cases and maintaining Egypt’s malaria-free status. The provision of free malaria diagnosis and treatment to all residents, regardless of legal status, has further solidified the country’s success in ensuring equitable healthcare access.

Egypt’s malaria-free status is not just a triumph for the country but part of a broader global public health achievement. Egypt joins a distinguished group of nations that have eliminated the disease, becoming the third in the WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region to reach this milestone after the UAE and Morocco. Dr. Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, WHO Director-General, emphasized the historic nature of this accomplishment, noting that malaria, which once plagued pharaohs, now belongs to Egypt’s past, not its future.

However, this success marks the beginning of a new phase for Egypt. Vigilance remains crucial to sustaining its malaria-free status. Continued investments in surveillance systems, rapid response mechanisms, and public health education will be essential to prevent the reintroduction of the disease. Egyptian officials have reaffirmed their commitment to maintaining these standards and supporting neighboring countries in their efforts to combat malaria.